{"id":5943,"date":"2025-10-27T17:57:01","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T10:57:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/?p=5943"},"modified":"2025-10-28T09:03:05","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T02:03:05","slug":"5943","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/5943\/","title":{"rendered":"Talk Show: Green Business Transformation \u2013 From Challenges to Action"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>(D\u00e2n tr\u00ed) \u2013 A talk show was held at the <em>D\u00e2n tr\u00ed<\/em> newsroom at 9:00 a.m. on July 28, 2025, with the participation of Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam, Deputy Director of the Institute of Science and Technology for Energy and Environment (ISTEE) <\/strong><strong>under the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"ISTEE@T\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m: Doanh nghi\u1ec7p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i xanh - T\u1eeb th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/H2Rb780bg4A?feature=oembed\" width=\"1020\" height=\"574\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>In the context of growing requirements for greenhouse gas emission reduction and green transition, not only domestically but also in major export markets such as the European Union (EU), Vietnamese enterprises are facing significant challenges. However, this also presents an opportunity for businesses to pursue sustainable and efficient growth, aligning with global development trends.<\/p>\n<p>The talk show titled \u201cGreen Transformation in Enterprises \u2013 From Challenges to Action\u201d provided both businesses and readers with deeper insights into this transition process. The program featured Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam, Deputy Director of the Institute of Science and Technology for Energy and Environment (ISTEE), under the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5539 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/1-1.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/1-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/1-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/1-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam<\/em><\/strong><em> \u2013 <strong>Deputy Director of the Institute of Science and Technology for Energy and Environment (ISTEE)<\/strong> under the <strong>Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)<\/strong> (right) \u2013 poses for a photo with <strong>Mr. L\u00ea \u0110\u1eafc Th\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed3ng<\/strong>, <\/em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?sca_esv=bd032de3f00d742c&amp;sxsrf=AE3TifPf82OEJAgbSKtf7EWpaBjnk3gsLw%3A1761557747171&amp;q=Chief+of+Administrative+Office&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiC45X-icSQAxUebvUHHZNRNk8QxccNegQIchAB&amp;mstk=AUtExfAfZ_Crp2FrzlDPHQqNSJAPYKLN-6U98QVMz4P-btC4v2HRbSlxsJ5Qohf-83WYIpKaEOktOWsMN0RcGDAmaNofcLRkYnVWOalH5GndzaK6puvz8YbjBuUfS1qd0NH4x4kF9Padinn6IUbEsd5_FFW9Xdb5UKftSUTR_3xQZA4SLLA&amp;csui=3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chief of Administrative Office<\/a><em> of D\u00e2n tr\u00ed Newspaper<\/em><\/strong><em> (Photo: H\u1ea3i Long).<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The program is part of the <strong>Talk GreenBiz \u2013 Compass for Green Growth<\/strong> seminar series, initiated by the <strong>For a Green Future Foundation<\/strong>, aiming to <strong>raise awareness and strengthen the capacity for action among Vietnamese enterprises<\/strong> in response to the <strong>rapidly emerging carbon pricing mechanisms<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5541 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/2-1.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/2-1.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/2-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/2-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam<\/em><\/strong><em> shared valuable insights to help businesses pursue <strong>sustainable and efficient growth<\/strong>, aligning with <strong>global development trends<\/strong> (Photo: H\u1ea3i Long).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The <strong>For a Green Future Foundation<\/strong>, established by <strong>Vingroup Group<\/strong> on <strong>July 7, 2023<\/strong>, carries the mission of contributing to the Government\u2019s goal of achieving <strong>net-zero emissions by 2050<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5570 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/0.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2424px) 100vw, 2424px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/0.jpg 2424w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/0-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/0-1024x578.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/0-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/0-1536x867.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/0-2048x1156.jpg 2048w\" alt=\"\" width=\"2424\" height=\"1368\" \/><\/p>\n<p>List of questions and exchanges shared by Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam<br \/>\n<strong><em>By Ho\u00e0ng Ph\u1ed5<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Question:<\/strong><br \/>\nHow does the pace of green transition among Vietnamese enterprises compare with other ASEAN countries? How should Vietnam design its emission reduction strategy to anticipate the requirements of export markets?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nIn the research we conducted to prepare for today\u2019s talk show with <em>D\u00e2n tr\u00ed<\/em> Newspaper and the <em>For a Green Future Foundation<\/em>, we found that 70\u201380% of the data sources we accessed did not originate from Vietnam. This indicates that businesses in other ASEAN countries are performing better than us\u2014or perhaps we are doing well but not communicating it effectively. I\u2019d like to leave this as a point of reflection for readers\u2014to draw their own insights from experience\u2014but I remain hopeful that we are indeed making good progress.<\/p>\n<p>As for how Vietnamese enterprises can meet export requirements, we can look at a familiar example in the textile and garment industry, which contributes significantly to GDP and exports while employing a large workforce. Vietnam\u2019s textile sector is facing intense competition not only within ASEAN but also globally. In a world increasingly focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, enterprises engaged in manufacturing, finishing, and exporting textile products must adopt a practical and updated perspective\u2014understanding where we stand and how to strengthen our capacity and competitiveness to keep pace with global sustainability demands.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5543 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/3-1.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/3-1.jpg 1360w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/3-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/3-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/3-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1360\" height=\"907\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>In the field of green transition and ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance),<\/strong> Vietnam\u2019s <strong>textile and garment industry<\/strong> has been among the most systematic in its approach \u2014 from <strong>identifying sustainability issues<\/strong> and <strong>understanding its carbon footprint<\/strong>, to <strong>building concrete strategies<\/strong> for implementing green practices. The <strong>Vietnam Textile and Apparel Association (VITAS)<\/strong> has provided extensive guidance and support to help enterprises continuously <strong>improve operational efficiency<\/strong>, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Using <strong>recycled fuels<\/strong> \u2014 for instance, <strong>fabric scraps from cutting operations<\/strong> are co-fired with coal in boilers to <strong>reduce greenhouse gas emissions<\/strong>, or <strong>coal is completely replaced<\/strong> with <strong>more environmentally friendly biomass fuels<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Upgrading production technologies<\/strong>, such as <strong>adjusting factory lighting intensity<\/strong> according to each production stage instead of installing uniform lighting throughout;<\/li>\n<li>Promoting <strong>inclusive development<\/strong>, by <strong>empowering female workers<\/strong> and <strong>electrifying employee transport systems<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Notably, as early as <strong>two years ago<\/strong>, some textile enterprises had already begun <strong>assisting workers in switching from gasoline to electric vehicles<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThese examples show that every industry has its own opportunities and solutions,\u201d Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam emphasized. \u201cAs long as businesses act responsibly, align with social goals, and understand that green transformation not only benefits their operations but also <strong>enhances brand value, customer trust, and long-term competitiveness<\/strong>, they will gain both economic and reputational advantages.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question \u2013 Nguy\u1ec5n Vi\u1ebft Tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong><br \/>\nAre there any solutions that allow enterprises to share the cost of clean technology adoption with suppliers or logistics partners?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nIn several developed countries, there are already established mechanisms for this. For example, within the <strong>energy-saving and energy-efficiency markets<\/strong>, there exists the <strong>SCO model<\/strong> \u2014 referring to <strong>Service Companies for Energy (Energy Service Companies \u2013 ESCOs)<\/strong>. These companies act as <strong>intermediaries<\/strong> that provide <strong>contractual energy efficiency solutions<\/strong> for businesses, often through <strong>performance-based contracts<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>To illustrate, suppose a business operates a building that\u2019s over 15 years old, equipped with <strong>outdated air conditioning systems (non-inverter)<\/strong> or <strong>inefficient lighting<\/strong>. An <strong>ESCO<\/strong> will conduct a <strong>comprehensive energy audit<\/strong>, identifying areas and systems where efficiency can be improved. The company then <strong>designs an investment plan<\/strong>, proposing <strong>technology upgrades<\/strong> along with a <strong>capital recovery schedule<\/strong>, and <strong>takes responsibility for the initial investment<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The enterprise then <strong>pays back the ESCO<\/strong> over time using a portion of the <strong>cost savings<\/strong> achieved from reduced energy consumption. This <strong>shared-benefit model<\/strong> helps businesses transition to <strong>cleaner, more efficient technologies<\/strong> without bearing all the upfront costs, while enabling <strong>service providers and suppliers<\/strong> to profit from performance improvements \u2014 a <strong>win\u2013win model<\/strong> for sustainable development.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5545 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-1.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-1.jpg 1360w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/4-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1360\" height=\"907\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nCurrently, Vietnam\u2019s <strong>policies on energy saving and efficiency<\/strong> have also begun to include provisions to <strong>legalize and encourage the operation of energy service companies (ESCOs)<\/strong>. This example illustrates that, in the process of <strong>green transformation<\/strong>, enterprises are <strong>not alone<\/strong>\u2014there are always <strong>market partners<\/strong> ready to provide <strong>technical and financial support services<\/strong> to help them implement sustainable solutions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question \u2013 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ho\u00e0i:<\/strong><br \/>\nAn unsustainable supply chain can lead to higher indirect emissions. Where should businesses start when assessing and improving their supply chains?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nWe see many opportunities for businesses to <strong>manage emissions across the full life cycle<\/strong> of their products\u2014not only within their own factories but also throughout the <strong>distribution and consumption stages<\/strong>. For instance, in <strong>Australia<\/strong>, companies are no longer focusing solely on <strong>Scope 1 emissions<\/strong> (direct emissions from owned or controlled sources), but have expanded to include <strong>Scope 2<\/strong> (indirect emissions from purchased electricity) and <strong>Scope 3<\/strong> (emissions from their distributors and partners).<\/p>\n<p>This process requires a <strong>clear roadmap<\/strong>, <strong>strategic investment<\/strong>, and <strong>enhanced technical capacity<\/strong>. My advice is that Vietnamese enterprises should <strong>first understand their Scope 1 emissions profile<\/strong> and then, over time, <strong>progressively manage Scope 2 and Scope 3 emissions<\/strong>, following the path already taken by developed economies.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Question \u2013 Tr\u1ea7n Oanh:<\/strong><br \/>\nIntegrating new technologies into existing production systems often causes disruption. How should businesses prepare operationally and in terms of workforce training?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nThis depends largely on <strong>which process or stage<\/strong> of the value chain a business wants to \u201cgreen.\u201d My recommendation is that before making any major transition, <strong>enterprises should consult with specialists or certified service providers<\/strong> in the field.<\/p>\n<p>This advice applies not only to large corporations but also to <strong>small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)<\/strong>. In Vietnam, <strong>technical consulting and energy efficiency services<\/strong> have become relatively accessible and affordable. The <strong>service fees are not prohibitively high<\/strong>, and businesses should make full use of them. After more than <strong>a decade of implementing the Law on Economical and Efficient Use of Energy<\/strong>, Vietnam has developed a solid base of <strong>qualified energy experts<\/strong> capable of auditing and identifying inefficient stages within a production process.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>consultation process<\/strong> can also be tailored to the financial capacity of each business. For instance, enterprises with limited budgets can opt for a <strong>Preliminary Energy Audit<\/strong>, which requires only a few days of on-site assessment but still provides <strong>practical recommendations<\/strong> for improving efficiency.<\/p>\n<p>To illustrate, even for a <strong>single building<\/strong>, a few simple energy measurements can help determine which systems are consuming electricity inefficiently and which equipment should be replaced or optimized. Some companies have even achieved <strong>significant savings<\/strong> through <strong>non-investment solutions<\/strong>, such as <strong>process adjustments, decision-making improvements, and better energy management practices<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>For <strong>larger-scale enterprises<\/strong>, technological interventions must be carefully evaluated. For example, if a production line has been in operation for <strong>7\u20138 years<\/strong>, businesses should invite experts to <strong>coordinate with the original equipment manufacturers<\/strong> to determine which parts should be replaced and which can still operate efficiently. Balancing <strong>technology upgrades<\/strong>, <strong>production continuity<\/strong>, and <strong>capacity optimization<\/strong> always requires <strong>professional technical consultation<\/strong> to avoid unnecessary disruptions while ensuring long-term sustainability.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5547 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/5-1.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/5-1.jpg 1360w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/5-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/5-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/5-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1360\" height=\"907\" \/><\/p>\n<p>*********<\/p>\n<p><strong>MC:<br \/>\n<\/strong>Regarding green finance, could you share some guidance on how businesses should approach this \u2014 through intermediaries such as banks, investment funds, or development organizations?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<br \/>\n<\/strong>Green finance and climate finance are now global priorities, especially for developing countries \u2014 not only in Vietnam. At almost every session of the Conference of the Parties (COP) under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), these topics remain central issues of discussion.<\/p>\n<p>Fundamentally, enterprises themselves must be the driving force for their own green transformation \u2014 by reducing resource consumption, creating environmental value for communities, and cutting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, they also need access to technologies and financial resources to make these transitions feasible.<\/p>\n<p>Currently, climate finance can come from various sources, including green-labeled loans disbursed through commercial banks. For example, between 2019 and 2021, HDBank launched credit packages supporting enterprises installing rooftop solar systems. These credit schemes created positive spillover effects, enabling businesses interested in renewable energy to collaborate with third-party solar investors, who in turn leveraged green credit financing to implement projects.<\/p>\n<p>Another important source of funding comes from international development organizations, such as the French Development Agency (AFD), the World Bank (WB), the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA), and the Danish Energy Agency (DEA). Over the years, these institutions have continued to cooperate with Vietnam\u2019s ministries and agencies to implement green transition and sustainable energy programs that directly support Vietnamese enterprises in their path toward low-carbon and climate-resilient growth.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5549 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6.jpg 1360w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/6-768x512.jpg 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1360\" height=\"907\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nIf readers are <strong>enterprises in the industrial sector<\/strong>, they can easily access information on green financing and support mechanisms via the <strong>official portals of the Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT)<\/strong>. The <strong>Ministry of Finance<\/strong> also operates several <strong>programs supporting corporate green transition<\/strong>. Beyond providing technical assistance, these initiatives also offer <strong>financial instruments<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>For instance, the <strong>\u201cPromotion of Energy Efficiency in Industry\u201d project<\/strong> by the MOIT provides <strong>loan guarantee support<\/strong> for enterprises. Through partnerships with commercial banks such as <strong>SHB<\/strong>, businesses can access <strong>preferential loans<\/strong> with <strong>simplified appraisal procedures<\/strong>, enabling them to implement <strong>energy-saving measures<\/strong> like <strong>waste heat recovery systems in cement plants<\/strong> or <strong>kiln optimization in steel factories<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to these mechanisms, <strong>green bonds<\/strong> are emerging as a <strong>major channel of green finance<\/strong> in the region. Within <strong>Southeast Asia<\/strong>, <strong>Singapore<\/strong> has successfully issued multiple <strong>green bond programs<\/strong>. As <strong>Vietnam aims to establish financial centers in Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang<\/strong>, learning from Singapore\u2019s experience could help domestic enterprises <strong>diversify their access to capital<\/strong> through <strong>sustainable finance instruments<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MC:<\/strong><br \/>\nMore specifically, regarding the <strong>voluntary carbon market<\/strong>, which types of businesses stand to benefit from participation?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nIn this case, the <strong>buyers<\/strong> are those seeking <strong>environmental value<\/strong> through <strong>carbon credits<\/strong>. For them, acquiring credits demonstrates a <strong>measurable effort toward reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions<\/strong> and achieving their <strong>ESG or compliance targets<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, <strong>sellers<\/strong>\u2014often companies implementing emission-reducing activities\u2014can gain <strong>significant additional revenue streams<\/strong> from selling their verified credits. This not only improves their <strong>cash flow<\/strong> but also makes their <strong>balance sheets more favorable<\/strong> while encouraging continued investment in green projects.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MC:<\/strong><br \/>\nWhat is your assessment of the <strong>potential of Vietnam\u2019s voluntary carbon credit market<\/strong>? Do you see real opportunities for domestic businesses?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nThe voluntary carbon market has <strong>both supply and demand sides<\/strong>. In Vietnam, most enterprises interested in carbon credits are currently acting as <strong>suppliers<\/strong>, generating credits through their <strong>emission reduction or offset projects<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>buyers<\/strong>, in contrast, are typically <strong>large international corporations<\/strong>, including many on the <strong>Fortune 500 or Forbes 500 lists<\/strong>, who purchase credits to meet <strong>compliance requirements<\/strong> or <strong>corporate ESG goals<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Vietnam plans to launch a <strong>domestic carbon market<\/strong> by <strong>2028<\/strong>, under which the Government will <strong>allocate emission quotas<\/strong> to major emitters. When these entities exceed their assigned quotas, they will need to <strong>purchase additional credits<\/strong>\u2014initially from <strong>domestic suppliers<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>At present, <strong>voluntary carbon credit transactions<\/strong> are mostly <strong>bilateral<\/strong>, based on <strong>direct agreements between buyers and sellers<\/strong>, with <strong>limited government regulation<\/strong>. Vietnam has already engaged in <strong>international mechanisms<\/strong> such as the <strong>Kyoto Protocol<\/strong> and <strong>cross-border Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)<\/strong> projects related to <strong>CBAM (Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>For now, there are no formal government adjustments or centralized frameworks for voluntary markets, so <strong>businesses should proactively seek credible intermediaries or brokers<\/strong> who can facilitate <strong>transactions and verification<\/strong> between sellers and buyers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MC:<\/strong><br \/>\nThe first step in green transition is measuring greenhouse gas emissions, or more specifically, conducting a <strong>GHG inventory<\/strong>. From your perspective, what technologies should businesses explore when choosing tools for this process?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nIn Vietnam, we already have a <strong>policy framework and regulatory roadmap<\/strong> for carbon management, with the <strong>domestic carbon market expected to be operational by 2028<\/strong>. It\u2019s important to note that <strong>not all enterprises are required to perform GHG inventories<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Under current Vietnamese regulations, only <strong>large emitters<\/strong> must <strong>conduct annual GHG inventories<\/strong> and <strong>report to competent authorities every two years<\/strong>. Smaller enterprises are <strong>not yet obligated<\/strong> to perform mandatory inventories.<\/p>\n<p>However, in <strong>developed economies<\/strong> and <strong>countries with strong environmental policies<\/strong>, even <strong>small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)<\/strong> are <strong>encouraged and incentivized<\/strong> to conduct voluntary <strong>GHG accounting<\/strong>. This not only prepares them for <strong>future compliance<\/strong> but also enhances their <strong>market credibility<\/strong> and <strong>access to international partners and financing opportunities<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, <strong>carbon measurement and management<\/strong> should be seen not as a regulatory burden but as an <strong>investment in long-term competitiveness<\/strong>, particularly as global supply chains increasingly demand <strong>transparent and verifiable sustainability data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5551 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7.jpg 1360w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/7-768x512.jpg 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1360\" height=\"907\" \/><\/p>\n<p>For <strong>large enterprises<\/strong>, conducting a <strong>comprehensive GHG inventory<\/strong> requires <strong>specialized solutions, data analysis, and expert support<\/strong>, since <strong>industrial production and transport processes<\/strong> often involve <strong>complex emission sources<\/strong>. Therefore, in addition to using <strong>technological tools and inventory software<\/strong>, it is essential to have <strong>qualified professionals<\/strong> involved in the process. In Vietnam, there are already <strong>consulting firms<\/strong> that provide <strong>GHG accounting and carbon management services<\/strong>, helping businesses perform accurate inventories in line with <strong>international standards<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>For <strong>small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)<\/strong>, we recommend starting with <strong>free and open-access tools<\/strong>. In the <strong>United States<\/strong> and the <strong>European Union<\/strong>, there are <strong>publicly available online tools<\/strong> that allow businesses to <strong>perform self-assessments of their emissions<\/strong>, such as those provided by the <strong>U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)<\/strong> or corresponding <strong>environmental management agencies in the EU and Japan<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In <strong>Vietnam<\/strong>, several tools have already been <strong>localized or developed by domestic experts<\/strong>, making them <strong>adapted to local business contexts<\/strong>. Moreover, some <strong>large Vietnamese corporations<\/strong>\u2014beyond their core manufacturing activities\u2014also provide <strong>digital and automation services<\/strong> for GHG accounting at <strong>reasonable and accessible costs<\/strong>. In some cases, <strong>consulting companies specializing in energy efficiency, climate change, or mitigation technologies<\/strong> even offer <strong>free inventory tools<\/strong> to encourage broader participation among SMEs in the green transition.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MC:<\/strong><br \/>\nWhat lessons can Vietnamese enterprises learn from successful green transition models in <strong>Thailand<\/strong> or <strong>Indonesia<\/strong>? Are there any <strong>domestic success stories<\/strong> that could serve as examples for others?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr.Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5553 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/8.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/8.jpg 1360w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/8-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/8-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/8-768x512.jpg 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1360\" height=\"907\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Based on comparative studies across the <strong>ASEAN region<\/strong>, I found an interesting pattern that helps indirectly contextualize the <strong>green transition landscape among Vietnamese enterprises<\/strong>. Data from <strong>Thailand<\/strong> and other ASEAN countries shows that, aside from <strong>Singapore<\/strong>, many economies that <strong>compete directly with Vietnam<\/strong>\u2014such as <strong>Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines<\/strong>\u2014have already advanced their <strong>green transformation<\/strong> at a relatively high level, particularly in <strong>traditional heavy industries<\/strong> like <strong>mining, cement, and steel<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>However, these transitions often require <strong>significant capital and technical resources<\/strong>, meaning that progress tends to be <strong>led by large corporations<\/strong>. This situation mirrors Vietnam\u2019s own context, where <strong>pioneering green enterprises<\/strong> are mostly <strong>large-scale companies<\/strong>, while <strong>small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)<\/strong> still show <strong>limited participation<\/strong> in the transition.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MC:<\/strong><br \/>\nWhat are the key factors that enable leading enterprises\u2014both in Vietnam and abroad\u2014to succeed in their green transition journeys?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nFor any enterprise, the <strong>internal motivation<\/strong>\u2014the reason why it chooses to go green\u2014is crucial. I believe the <strong>first factor<\/strong> that drives both <strong>leadership commitment<\/strong> and <strong>customer alignment<\/strong> toward green transformation lies in the <strong>tangible results<\/strong> it brings.<\/p>\n<p>When a company embarks on a green transition, <strong>its leaders<\/strong> and <strong>stakeholders<\/strong> benefit from multiple dimensions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Improved product and service quality<\/strong> through cleaner production;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Contribution to national and global GHG reduction goals<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reduced resource consumption<\/strong>; and<\/li>\n<li><strong>Enhanced environmental and social impact<\/strong>, strengthening both <strong>brand reputation<\/strong> and <strong>market competitiveness<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, through the projects we\u2019ve participated in, we\u2019ve identified <strong>two major barriers<\/strong> that businesses often face. <strong>First<\/strong>, determination and planning alone are not enough. Enterprises must understand <strong>how<\/strong> the transition will be carried out\u2014<strong>which stages<\/strong>, <strong>which technologies<\/strong>, <strong>what level of investment<\/strong>, and <strong>which solutions<\/strong> are realistically accessible. <strong>Second<\/strong>, even after identifying suitable solutions, they must answer the question of <strong>where to find the resources<\/strong>\u2014financial, technical, and human\u2014to implement them.<\/p>\n<p>These challenges underline the importance of <strong>interdisciplinary collaboration<\/strong>, <strong>public\u2013private partnerships<\/strong>, and <strong>capacity-building initiatives<\/strong>, which together create an <strong>ecosystem that enables sustainable transformation<\/strong> rather than expecting businesses to act in isolation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MC:<\/strong><br \/>\nCould you elaborate on the technologies supporting <strong>emission accounting<\/strong> and <strong>carbon reporting<\/strong>, as well as the roles of <strong>green finance<\/strong>, <strong>voluntary carbon credits<\/strong>, and <strong>supporting ecosystems<\/strong>? What lessons can be drawn from pioneering enterprises?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam:<\/strong><br \/>\nIn my presentation titled <strong>\u201cCorporate Green Transition \u2013 Opportunities and Challenges,\u201d<\/strong> I will cover the following:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Overview of Green Transition and GHG Reduction<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Geographical and Industrial Distribution<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>GHG Mitigation Strategies<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Challenges and Barriers<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Case Studies of Leading Enterprises<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Conclusions and Policy Recommendations for Vietnam<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Part 1: Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>According to analyses by <strong>PwC<\/strong> and <strong>WWF<\/strong>, <strong>green transition contributes directly to economic growth<\/strong>. Economic development remains the top priority for all nations and organizations, but it must go hand-in-hand with <strong>social inclusion<\/strong>, <strong>equity<\/strong>, and <strong>poverty reduction<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>While these goals focus on <strong>socioeconomic aspects<\/strong>, green transition adds an <strong>environmental dimension<\/strong>\u2014specifically, <strong>ecosystem protection<\/strong>, <strong>biodiversity conservation<\/strong>, and <strong>climate adaptation<\/strong> for communities and organizations. The key mechanism to achieve these objectives is <strong>greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Reducing GHG emissions is tightly linked to economic growth: it pushes us to <strong>develop low-emission growth models<\/strong>, <strong>use fewer natural resources<\/strong>, and <strong>strengthen systems and policies<\/strong> that support <strong>climate adaptation and mitigation<\/strong> at organizational, local, and national levels.<\/p>\n<p>For enterprises, <strong>green transition<\/strong> refers to the process of <strong>adopting technologies and operational processes<\/strong> that lower emissions, improve energy efficiency, and enhance overall sustainability. When companies <strong>innovate their production lines and upgrade processes<\/strong>, they are not only <strong>reducing emissions<\/strong> but also <strong>improving competitiveness<\/strong> in their respective industries.<\/p>\n<p>In Vietnam\u2019s case, the <strong>proactive engagement of domestic enterprises<\/strong> in green transition aligns with the nation\u2019s <strong>Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)<\/strong> submitted to the <strong>United Nations<\/strong>, and supports the <strong>commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Nevertheless, implementing these commitments entails <strong>specific responsibilities<\/strong> for businesses, especially in <strong>technological investment and innovation<\/strong>. Successful enterprises tend to <strong>combine modern technology<\/strong>, <strong>government incentives<\/strong>, and <strong>efficient management systems<\/strong> to achieve meaningful and measurable emission reductions.<\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, <strong>green transition<\/strong> is not just about compliance\u2014it is a <strong>strategic pathway to strengthen competitiveness<\/strong>, <strong>meet global sustainability standards<\/strong>, and <strong>attract green finance<\/strong> to ensure long-term growth.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5555 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/9.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/9.jpg 1360w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/9-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/9-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/9-768x512.jpg 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1360\" height=\"907\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Part 2: Geographic and Industrial Distribution<br \/>\nAcross the ASEAN region, the most visible sectors undergoing green transition and GHG emission reduction include oil and gas, heavy industries such as cement, mining, and steel, as well as energy production. More recently, transportation and thermal power have also started implementing low-carbon initiatives.<\/p>\n<p>Our research indicates that Vietnam is among the most active countries in advancing the green transition. Alongside Thailand and Indonesia, Vietnam has made notable contributions through its policies and corporate-level initiatives to reduce GHG emissions and enhance sustainability.<\/p>\n<p>Part 3: Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Reduction Strategies<br \/>\nEnterprises have adopted various strategies to implement green transition measures within their operations. From a technological perspective, businesses must identify appropriate solutions based on their industry characteristics, production context, and product types.<\/p>\n<p>In heavy industries, solutions such as waste heat recovery, optimization of filtration systems, and energy management systems have proven to be highly effective in reducing emissions. In addition, companies are actively seeking financial resources, leveraging green finance instruments such as green bonds and participating in government-led green public procurement programs to support their transition.<\/p>\n<p>Part 4: Challenges and Barriers<br \/>\nDespite positive progress, several challenges remain for enterprises pursuing green transformation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Technological barriers: Identifying appropriate low-carbon technologies for each sector\u2014cement, steel, electronics, and others\u2014remains complex. Even researchers spend considerable time assessing which technologies are best suited to \u201cgreen\u201d specific industrial operations.<\/li>\n<li>High costs and production disruptions: Transitioning to new technologies often requires halting certain production lines or modules for retrofitting or replacement, affecting short-term productivity.<\/li>\n<li>Policy and regulatory gaps: Current policies are not yet fully synchronized. Some compliance requirements lack enforcement, reducing the motivation for businesses that have yet to adopt green practices.<\/li>\n<li>Supply chain limitations: Many enterprises lack the green supply chain capacity to support their transition. For example, suppliers may not yet be able to provide raw materials, components, or equipment that meet green standards, creating obstacles in accessing sustainable inputs.<\/li>\n<li>Non-technical constraints: Insufficient data systems, monitoring tools, and reporting frameworks for green transition reduce the overall effectiveness of GHG management and verification.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In summary, while Vietnam has demonstrated strong commitment and progress in green transformation, a systemic and multi-level approach\u2014integrating policy reform, technological innovation, financial support, and capacity building\u2014is essential to sustain momentum and expand participation beyond large enterprises to include SMEs across all sectors<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5557 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/10.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/10.jpg 1360w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/10-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/10-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/istee.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/10-768x512.jpg 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1360\" height=\"907\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Part 5: Exemplary Applications of Technology and Innovation in ASEAN<\/p>\n<p>Key examples across ASEAN highlight how technological innovation has played a pivotal role in advancing industrial decarbonization. In Thailand, waste heat recovery (WHR) technologies have been successfully integrated into the cement sector. In Indonesia, optimization of membrane filtration systems and energy management frameworks in manufacturing plants have yielded significant reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Moreover, the adoption of alternative fuels\u2014such as clinker substitutes in cement production\u2014has helped curb fossil fuel dependence while improving process efficiency.<\/p>\n<p>One notable case is the PTT Group, Thailand\u2019s national oil and gas corporation\u2014one of the country\u2019s largest GHG emitters. Balancing international emission reduction commitments with domestic energy and production demands, PTT has deployed carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies alongside automated emission monitoring systems to mitigate direct (Scope 1) emissions from extraction and refining operations.<\/p>\n<p>In parallel, the corporation has implemented large-scale reforestation and ecological restoration initiatives to offset residual emissions, enhancing natural carbon sequestration capacities. PTT has also pursued digital automation, energy-efficient equipment upgrades, and adoption of international energy management standards, which collectively have improved operational efficiency across its production network.<\/p>\n<p>In Vietnam, similar trends are emerging, with medium and large enterprises applying digital twin models\u2014virtual replicas of production systems\u2014to simulate and optimize operations before making real-world investments. This enables precise evaluation of inefficiencies and testing of process improvements or technological upgrades within a virtual environment.<\/p>\n<p>As a result of these integrated approaches, the Thai oil and gas conglomerate has achieved a 25% reduction in GHG intensity compared to 2012 levels and aims to reach net-zero emissions by 2050.<\/p>\n<p>Another significant case study is Thailand\u2019s cement industry, one of the largest GHG emitters in the country. Leading firms in this sector have implemented waste heat recovery systems, alternative fuels, and clinker substitution to reduce energy consumption and carbon output. These initiatives are expected to cut emissions by approximately 2 million tons of CO\u2082 by 2030.<\/p>\n<p>Collectively, these cases reveal that success in green transformation requires integrated strategies\u2014combining multiple technologies, green financing mechanisms, government policy support, and carbon offset measures. Common traits among these successful enterprises include strong investment in advanced technologies, process innovation, and a clear long-term sustainability vision.<\/p>\n<p>For small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), green transition does not always necessitate large upfront investments. Effective starting points include process optimization, improved resource management, and incremental operational improvements within existing systems.<\/p>\n<p>Nevertheless, challenges persist\u2014chiefly capital costs, technical barriers (e.g., limited access to comprehensive technology providers), and policy constraints (e.g., fragmented supply chain support and complex access to green finance). Addressing these issues remains critical for scaling green transformation across ASEAN industries.<\/p>\n<p>Part 6: Conclusions and Recommendations<\/p>\n<p>The green transition generates dual benefits\u2014for both business performance and the environment.<\/p>\n<p>From a business perspective, enterprises that successfully implement emission reduction and sustainability measures experience:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Higher production efficiency and labor productivity,<\/li>\n<li>Lower operating costs,<\/li>\n<li>Enhanced brand reputation and market positioning, and<\/li>\n<li>Reduced regulatory and compliance risks, facilitating greater international market access.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In parallel, green transition inherently drives technological innovation, leading to improved profitability through cost savings in energy and materials.<\/p>\n<p>From an environmental standpoint, corporate decarbonization directly contributes to national climate targets and pollution reduction. Technologies such as waste heat recovery, alternative fuels, and reforestation not only reduce CO\u2082 emissions but also enhance air quality, restore biodiversity, and revitalize ecosystems.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, ASEAN\u2019s collective efforts toward green transition\u2014supported by green bond markets, sustainable public procurement policies, and financial incentives\u2014have delivered measurable progress, reducing millions of tons of CO\u2082-equivalent annually.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"T\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m: Doanh nghi\u1ec7p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i xanh - T\u1eeb th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wkQt27-CpaY?feature=oembed\" width=\"1020\" height=\"574\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>To accelerate this trajectory, Vietnam and its ASEAN peers must continue to strengthen policy clarity, access to green investment resources, and institutional coordination. By doing so, businesses will not only transition more efficiently but also sustain long-term competitiveness in the global low-carbon economy.<\/p>\n<p>Disclaimer:<br \/>\nThe content presented and discussed reflects the personal views of the author and does not necessarily represent the official position of the Institute of Science and Technology for Energy and Environment (ISTEE) or the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST).<\/p>\n<p>Edited by: <em>B\u00f9i M\u1ea1nh T\u01b0\u1eddng, Institute of Science and Technology for Energy and Environment (ISTEE)<\/em><br \/>\nSource: <em>\u201cCorporate Green Transition \u2013 From Challenges to Action,\u201d D\u00e2n tr\u00ed News<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(D\u00e2n tr\u00ed) \u2013 A talk show was held at the D\u00e2n tr\u00ed newsroom at 9:00 a.m. on July 28, 2025, with the participation of Dr. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0i Nam, Deputy Director of the Institute of Science and Technology for Energy and Environment (ISTEE) under the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST). In the context of&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5548,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5943","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rd-activities"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5943","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5943"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5943\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5948,"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5943\/revisions\/5948"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5548"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5943"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5943"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istee.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5943"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}